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Runoff A-C (Simulation Control)
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Runoff A-C (Simulation Control)
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* Create title lines for the simulation. There are two title lines
* for the Runoff Block. Titles are enclosed in single quotes.
*============================================================================
* A1 Line :
* Title : Two lines (both with A1 identifier) with heading
* to be printed on output.
* Each line has format A76 (76 characters, maximum).
*============================================================================
A1 'RUNOFF example: parabolic channels, groundwater, water quality'
A1 'Lake modeled as a wide parabolic channel with outlet weir'
*============================================================================
* The 'B' lines are for program control purposes.
*============================================================================
* B1 Line :
* METRIC : Metric input-output.
* = 0, Use U.S. customary units
* = 1, Use metric units. Metric input indicated
* in brackets [] in remainder of this table.
* ISNOW : Snowmelt parameter.
* = 0, Snowmelt not simulated.
* = 1, Single event snowmelt simulation.
* = 2, Continuous snowmelt simulation.
* NRGAG : Number of hyetographs (rain gages),
* Maximum is limited by MAXRG parameter in Tapes.inc
* INFILM : Choice of infiltration equation
* = 0, Horton equation used.
* = 1, Green-Ampt equation used.
* = 2, Horton equation with maximum infiltration
* volume limiting infiltration.
* In this version, the available infiltration volume for the
* Horton option will recover during dry periods.
* = 3, Green-Ampt equation with maximum infiltration
* volume limiting infiltration.
* DON'T USE INFILM = 3 TEMPORARILY. WCH, 6/10/97.
* In this version, 3 for G-A can only be used for single
* event simulation as the infiltration volume is not
* regenerated during dry periods.
* KWALTY : Quality (or erosion) simulated?
* = 0, No.
* = 1, Yes.
* IVAP : Evaporation parameter
* = 0, Evaporation data not read in,
* default rate used of 0.1 in/day [3.0 mm/day].
* = 1, Read monthly evaporation data in Group F1
* in units of inch/day [mm/day].
* = 2, Read monthly evaporation data in Group F1
* in units of inch/month [mm/month].
* = 3, Read monthly evaporation data on lines
* F1 and F2,
* in units of inch/month [mm/month].
* = 4, Read evaporation time series on NSCRAT(3)
* file as created by the TEMP Block of SWMM.
* NOTE! If it is desired to have no (zero) evaporation
* during time steps when it is raining or snowing, input
* IVAP as a negative number, i.e., IVAP = -1, -2, -3
* or -4 instead of a positive number. This option can
* only be used if IVAP not equal to 0. If IVAP < 0,
* there will be zero surface or subsurface evaporation
* during any time step with rain or snow on that
* subcatchment and zero evaporation from all channel/
* pipes if there is rain or snow on any subcatchment.
* Normal evaporation continues when precipitation = 0.
*
* NHR : Hour of day of start of storm (24 hour clock,
* midnight = 00).
* NMN : Minute of hour of start of storm (0 - 59).
* NDAY : Day of month of start of simulation ( 1 - 31).
* MONTH : Month of start of simulation (1 - 12).
* IYRSTR : Year of start of simulation (4 digits).
* If less than 4 digits are entered, then
* program assumes 1900.
* Optional input to control evaporation on
* channels but does not need to be entered.
* If not entered or 0, then the default is to allow
* evaporation as controlled by IVAP.
* IF 1 then evaporation is never allowed from channels.
*
* IVCHAN : 0 - Allow evaporation from channels.
* : 1 - Don't allow evaporation from channels.
*============================================================================
* METRIC ISNOW NRGAG INFILM KWALTY IVAP NHR NMN NDAY MONTH IYRSTR [IVCHAN]
B1 0 0 1 1 1 1 00 0 1 10 1989
*============================================================================
* B2 Line :
* IPRN(1) : Print control for SWMM input.
* = 0, Print all input data.
* = 1, Do not print channel/pipe, snowmelt,
* subcatchment, or quality data, only control
* information is printed.
* = K, where K equals possible combinations of
* channel/pipe(2), snowmelt(3), subcatchment(4),
* or water quality(5). For example:
* Channel/pipe + subcatchment would be 24,
* Channel/pipe + subcatchment + quality would be 245.
* IPRN(2) : Print control for Runoff Block graphs.
* = 0, Plot all graphs.
* = 1, Do not plot hyetograph(s) (for each gage),
* or inlet hydrograph (sum of all inlets).
* IPRN(3) : Print control for output of SWMM. 'Totals'
* below refer to precipitation, runoff and all
* quality parameters. Done for each inlet. Daily,
* monthly, and yearly printouts only function if
* simulation is long enough.
* = 0, Do not print daily, monthly, or yearly totals.
* = 1, Monthly and annual totals only, one year
* per page.
* = 2, Daily, monthly and annual totals, two months
* per page. Daily totals are printed whenever
* there is non-zero precipitation and/or runoff.
*
* The following parameters are truly optional and may
* be omitted from line B2 without an error.
*
* IRPNGW = 0, Print up to 10,000 ground water routine error
* messages.
* > 0, Print limit of IPRNGW ground water routine
* error messages.
* NOHEAD = 0, For time series output in M-lines, reprint
* headers after every 50 lines (historic
* mode).
* = 1, Print headers only at top of output. This
* mode may facilitate post-processing using
* M-line output.
* LANDUPR = 0, Do not include percentages from each land
* use for surface washoff summary in overall
* quality summary (historic mode).
* = 1, Do include percentages for each land use.
* These will be inserted into quality summary
* table.
*============================================================================
* IPRN(1) IPRN(2) IPRN(3) IRPNGW NOHEAD LANDUPR
B2 0 0 1 50 1 1
*============================================================================
* The B3 line contains time step and duration-of-run parameters.
* The program starts at date/time indicated on line B1. It then
* uses time steps WET, WETDRY and DRY to simulate to an ending date/time
* specified by parameter LONG.
*
* B3 Line :
* WET : Wet time step (seconds). WET must be => 1 second.
* Typical: 60-300-900 sec for event simulation; 900
* or 3600 sec for continuous simulation. WET time
* step is used only during time steps with precip.
* WETDRY : Transition (no rain but water on surface or in
* channels) between wet and dry time step (seconds).
* WETDRY is used during 1) residual overland flow
* (no precipitation), 2) residual channel/pipe flow,
* 3) snowmelt, 4) groundwater outflow to channel/
* pipes. WETDRY should be greater than or equal
* to WET and less than or equal to DRY.
* Typical: = WET for event simulation; 3600 - 7200
* for continuous simulation.
* Note, decrease WETDRY toward WET for better
* resolution and lower continuity errors, but at
* the expense of greater computer time during
* continuous simulation.
* DRY : Dry time step (seconds). DRY must be greater
* than or equal to WET. Typical: = WET for event
* simulation; 7200 - 86400 sec for continuous
* simulation. DRY time step principally affects
* groundwater ET and deep percolation and residual
* surface evaporation and infiltration.
*
* Note: DRY and WETDRY time steps are only approximated during
* time intervals with no precipitation. Thus, print-outs may
* occur at intervals that do not correspond exactly to DRY
* or WETDRY.
*
* LUNIT : Units of LONG (simulation length).
* = 0, seconds. = 1, minutes.
* = 2, hours. = 3, days.
* = 4, ending date, a eight figure number
* (year/mo/dy), e.g. 19870730.
* If year is two digits, program assumes 1900.
* LONG : Simulation length (units from LUNIT). A real
* number, not an integer.
*============================================================================
* SIMULATION LENGTH OF 6 DAYS
* WET WET/DRY DRY LUNIT LONG
B3 600. 1200.0 7200. 3 6.0
*============================================================================
* B4 is an optional data group. The B4 data group is used only when the
* user desires to modify one of SWMM's subcatchment default parameters.
*============================================================================
* B4 Line :
* PCTZER : Percent of impervious area with zero detention
* (immediate runoff). Default = 25%.
* REGEN : For continuous SWMM, infiltration capacity is
* regenerated using a Horton type exponential rate
* constant equal to REGEN*DECAY, where DECAY is the
* Horton rate constant read in for each subcatchment
* in group H1. Default = 0.01. Not required for
* Green-Ampt infiltration.
*============================================================================
* Use line C1 to input general snow input data.
* If ISNOW = 0 in group B1, skip to group D1.
*============================================================================
* C1 Line :
* ELEV : Average watershed elevation, ft, msl [m, msl].
* FWFRAC(1) : Ratio of free water holding capacity to snow depth
* (in. or mm w.e.= water equivalent) on snow
* covered impervious area.
* FWFRAC(2) : Ratio of free water holding capacity to snow depth
* (in. or mm w.e.) on snow covered pervious area.
*============================================================================
* Note: The following parameters are required only for ISNOW=2.
*============================================================================
* FWFRAC(3) : Ratio of free water holding capacity to snow depth
* (in. or mm w.e.) for snow on normally bare
* impervious area.
* SNOTMP : Dividing temperature between snow and rain,
* F [C]. Precipitation occurring at air
* temperatures above this value will be rain,
* at or below will be snow.
* SCF : Snow gage catch correction factor.
* Snow depths computed from NWS precipitation tape
* will be multiplied by this value.
* TIPM : Weight used to compute antecedent temperature index,
* 0 <= TIPM <= 1.0. Low values (e.g., 0.1) give
* more weight to past temperatures. Values > 0.5
* essentially give weight to temperatures only
* during the past day.
* RNM : Ratio of negative melt coefficient to melt
* coefficient. "Negative melt coefficient" is used
* when snow is warming or cooling below the base melt
* temperature without producing liquid melt. RNM is
* usually <= 1.0 with a typical value of 0.6.
* ANGLAT : Average latitude of watershed, degrees north.
* DTLONG : Longitude correction, standard time minus
* mean solar time, minutes (of time).
*============================================================================
* Use line C2 to input average Monthly Wind Speeds. Enter pairs of values
* (month number, wind speed) only for months with potential snow
* melt. Enter values for months in any order. Months not entered
* are assumed to have zero wind.
*============================================================================
* C2 Line :
* NUMB : Enter number of months with wind speed data.
* (Maximum = 12)
* [NOTE. Option on page 69 of User's Manual to
* set NUMB = 999 to indicate NOAA wind data is
* not valid. Use ISNOW=2 to indicate use of
* NOAA data on NSCRAT(3) from Temp Block.]
* MONTH : Integer number of first month.
* WIND(MONTH): Average wind speed for first month, mi/hr [km/hr].
* . .
* MONTH : Integer number of last month.
* WIND(MONTH): Average wind speed for last month, mi/hr [km/hr].
*============================================================================
* Use line C3 to input Areal Depletion Curve for Impervious Area.
* IF ISNOW=1 IN GROUP B1, SKIP TO DATA GROUP C5.
*============================================================================
* C3 Line :
* ADCI(1) : Fraction of area covered by snow (ASC) at "zero+"
* ratio of snow depth to depth at 100 percent
* cover (AWESI).
* ADCI(2) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.1.
* ADCI(3) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.2.
* . .
* ADCI(9) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.8.
* ADCI(10) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.9.
* Note: Program automatically assigns value of ADCI=1.0 when AWESI = 1.0.
*============================================================================
* Use the C4 line to define an Areal Depletion Curve for Pervious Area.
*============================================================================
* C4 Line :
* ADCP(1) : Fraction of area covered by snow (ASC) at "zero+"
* ratio of snow depth to depth at 100 percent cover
* (AWESI).
* ADCP(2) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.1.
* ADCP(3) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.2.
* . .
* ADCP(9) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.8.
* ADCP(10) : Value of ASC for AWESI = 0.9.
* Note: Program automatically assigns value of ADCP = 1.0 when AWESI = 1.0.
*============================================================================
* READ GROUP C5 ONLY IF ISNOW = 1. SKIP TO GROUP D1 IF ISNOW = 2.
*
* For ISNOW = 2 (continuous SWMM), air temperatures are entered
* in the Temp Block. For ISNOW = 1, read an air temperature for each
* time interval DTAIR, for a total of NAIRT values. (Maximum number
* of values = 200. If more are needed, use ISNOW = 2 option.) DTAIR,
* the time step of air temperatures, is not necessarily equal to the
* time steps entered on data group B1. Air temperatures are considered
* constant over the air time step.
*============================================================================
* C5 Line :
* DTAIR : Time interval for input of air temperatures,
* hours. First line only.
* NAIRT : Number of air temperatures read. First line only.
* TAIR(1) : Air temperature during time interval 1, F [C].
* . .
* TAIR(NAIRT): Air temperature during time interval NAIRT, F [C].
*============================================================================